Some Unknown Nature Of Pressure And Aerospace Application Of Nozzle

Nozzle

Nature of Pressure and Nozzle

“In standard terms pressure is defined as force per unit time.” But our discussion here is not about it. This is about pressure in the nozzle and particularly in the tip of the nozzle. Because at the tip of nozzle pressure variation is absorbing.

Pressure is energy itself which can be converted into another form of energy this is a common fact. Now, this status means that if u increase the pressure, energy also increases. Pressure has a quality: ‘if pressure behave calm and media can bear it, then no one in this entire universe can see its effect.' But if media and pressure start to quarrel with each other than its effect can be worst. Let’s see some examples:

1)      We all have filled a balloon with air or water ( in holy ). The balloon has a limit to endure pressure exerted by air. But if this limit exceeds and there is pressure inside the balloon beyond its enduring capacity then it will explode, and all air inside it will rush into the atmosphere. So pressure energy of air is converted into kinematic energy when balloon and air inside it start to quarrel. ( Now think that what if boiler and steam starts to quarrel )

2)      first take a pipe and put a seal on the one end of it. Now connect its other end with the tap. Now if u open the valve then water has no other way to go except the pipe and pipe is sealed. So all water will collect at the end of a pipe. It will increase pressure. Now if this pressure will cross the enduring capacity of the seal then all water will flow with high velocity through a tube for a limited period of time. This same principal is used in the nozzle, but instead of using seal they make nose narrow, so water/air has a low volume to flow and produces more pressure.

CONVERGENT-DIVERGENT NOZZLE ( DE-LEVEL TUBE)

·        There are two types of nozzle: convergent and divergent. The converging nozzle has the narrow portion at its end, and the divergent nozzle has a small fraction in its beginning. There is one more type of nozzle which is a combination of both of above types and is called convergent-divergent nozzle. This kind of nozzle is used in aerospace applications. They are applied in a rocket to take satellites in the space. Its working is very simple. Here in figure diagram of the convergent-divergent nozzle is shown.

·        In the rocket flue gases produce from combustion first passes through convergent section of the nozzle where they are compressed because of narrow section and gain some velocity when they pass through this section (they have subsonic speed ) but when they enter in divergent section this compressed gas expands ( as per nature of gases ) so  their velocity increase again and is very high. this high-velocity flue gasses make their impact on the earth and as per newton’s third law rocket gets thrust in return. when gasses expands they gain supersonic speed, and their match number is greater than 1, and this is enough to take the rocket into space.