Selection Of Material For Machine

SELECTION OF MATERIAL FOR MACHINE

There are various types of the device which can b used for a machine, but the designer needs to select an optimum material. The excellent material is a material which serves all objects at minimum cost, There are various factors which effect on the selection of equipment, but some of the most important factors are discussed as below. Let’s get started:

1)      Availability of the material

·         Selected material for machine should be easily available in the market.  It should be available in sufficient quantity to meet a requirement.

2)      Cost of material

·         Cost of available material for machine should be as minimum as possible. If a material is costly then ultimately the cost of a product will also increase.

·         Cost of any material depends on two factors. First one is the cost of the equipment itself as market says and the second one is the cost of machining. So the cost of equipment can b termed as its actual cost and its machining cost.

3)      Mechanical properties

·         Material should have required mechanical properties like strength, frictional properties, ductility, rigidity, wear resistance, lubrication requirement, etc. this mechanical property can be measured in different terms like;

a)      Strength (static)           : tensile strength

b)      Strength (fluctuating) : endurance strength

c)       Rigidity: modulus of elasticity

d)      Ductility: percentage of elongation

e)      Frictional resistance: coefficient of friction     

4)      Machinability

·         It is a very important factor. All material are not easy to be machined. So if a material 's hard to a machine, then its machining cost will increase so as the expense of the product.

·         It can happen that machining of cheaper material is costly but machining of toxic material is cheaper. In this case, a material is selected by total cost comparison. The meaning of saying that no material can be excellent article only because it is cheap. A designer must have studied all factors of the material and requirement of the machine.